1. Operation in multi-band spectrums
5G will not immediately replace the rest of the cellular technologies available today, but it will become another option at our disposal. Moreover, harnessing the full potential offered by 5G depends on the development of a new generation of devices. When it comes to the second component of the IoT, networks, 5G will enable a greater range of options, which will allow them to handle a wider spectrum of frequencies, rather than being limited to the current range.

2. Gradual transition from 4G to 5G
The intention is to gradually replace the 4G networks with all the existing infrastructure, and this must be done at different levels and stages; software, hardware and access points. But this will require a very significant investment volume, both from users and companies. Each region of each country will have its own 4G replacement schedule, which will bring new challenges to the services offered through 5G networks. However, the ability and willingness of users to acquire new 5G-compatible devices will be unknown, but what is certain is that it will take a lot of incentives and training to convince both companies and consumers and people to make the jump. 5G technology will allow all electrical appliances in the smart home to operate automatically.

3. Data interoperability
The problem with IoT technologies is that as the industry evolves, it will become increasingly necessary to develop a standard model for common server-side (backend) tasks such as processing, storage, and firmware updates. In the pursuit of this new model, we will likely see the rise of different IoT solutions to work with common backend services, capable of providing a level of interoperability, portability and manageability that is nearly impossible with the current generation of IoT solutions. Creating this model is considered a complicated task at every level. There are obstacles and challenges that hinder the standardization and implementation of IoT solutions, but the model must respond to all of them, with interoperability being one of the main difficulties.

4. Implement 5G business models
When combining the convergence of 5G and IoT, in the absence of a viable business model, the creation and investment of companies in this sector, as well as their activities, may end up creating another bubble. Business models must respond to the requirements raised by each type of e-commerce activity; vertical markets, horizontal markets and consumer markets. But this category has always been the victim of excessive regulatory and legal zeal.